So the quick answer is Yes - changing the one setting in Raspberry Pi Configuration Locale in the Localisation Tab from GB to US made the files visible again filtered by the drop-down list choice as .analyze files.
I did also go through the l-o-n-g process of building a new image of KStars 3.6.3 /Indi 2.0.0 on a Raspberry Pi OS 64-bit with every choice set to give a full US profile. And of course the file types were all labelled .analyze, so like in your case, the Read from File option showed all existing files. I then experimented with modifying this new build, by changing the Locale choices in Raspberry Pi Configuration Localisation Tab to GB rather than US, and sure enough the file drop-down filter was spelled .analyse and so no files were visible until I selected All files.
There are three other elements under the RPi OS Localisation Tab: 'Timezone', 'Keyboard' and 'WiFi Country' and I tried changing them variously to European and US options without noticeably affecting the Read from File choices.
So I now have two available workarounds!
During the build process, I did notice that there were two lines with the word 'analyze' and one with the word 'analyse' so this spelling difference may benefit from being sorted once and for all!
Anyway, glad that we got to the bottom of this, and thanks, Hy, for developing the Analyze module, which I find very useful!
Ed