Is there any convenient way to see what the setting names actually are in the ekos/indi interface? I figured mousing over them would work, but no. Sure, I can guess at a lot of them, but it seems like there must be a better way!

Are you asking for those specific items, or in general for all settings in the INDI panel?

Reason I say this is that those specific items in your image appear to be regular Nikon DSLR camera user settings. As such it might be easier to read up on them in the manual for that specific camera.

Yes I mean in general, across the settings. All the settings in the INDI control panel seem to have a fixed length limit for the names (which is unaffected by window size, etc). It seems like there should be a way to figure out what the setting name actually is. I agree, in some cases it should be possible to match up the name with a name in a list of options in some documentation somewhere else (assuming two different setting names don't become identical after being shortened....) but from a UI standpoint, that doesn't seem like the right solution here.

Look through documentation. Like this:
indilib.org/individuals/devices/cameras/...ics-asi-cameras.html